Possible approaches to the classification of technogenic soils in the framework of their general classification system are discussed in connection with the revision of one of the basic standards. Eventual genesis of technogenic soils and primary factors determining the origin of their properties are analyzed. Classification attributes of technogenic soils and their hierarchy are presented. Paper results in the development of general classification of technogenic soils comprising the basis for their standard classification system.

The article presents new data on the geology and petrogeochemistry of the Magnitogorsk, Nepljuevsk and Kanzafarov rock complexes. Their belonging to the gabbro-granite formation has been proved. These data give opportunity to combine the South Ural and Middle Ural segments of the Early Carboniferous subduction rift into a single submeridional structure. Its formation took place at the Devonian island arc rear basin. The arc was overthrusted on the western edge of the East Ural Rise during the collision stage of the Southern Urals development. The Cu-Mo specialization of granitoids of the Magnitogorsk and Nepljuevsk complexes has been established.

A comprehensive analysis was carried out for the Kerch Peninsula using morphostructural, structural and geomorphological methods as well as determining the fractal dimension D of the driangle system. It has been discovered that increased values of the field of fractal dimension D correlate well with the total uplift amplitude during the Pleistocene and Holocene, and worse with the latest structures formed during the conerosion stage of development. It can be concluded that the fractal approach for the quantitative analysis of the driangle system pattern gives good results in identifying the latest movements, and is less effective in identifying the latest structures. The further development of the fractal analysis method is promising, with the inclusion of other driangle system parameters widely used in structural-geomorphological analysis.

As a result of the analysis of published sources, a database on paleotempertures for the Arctic and Subarctic regions was collected on the skeletons of marine invertebrates, marine palynomorphs, dinosaur teeth, analysis of the ability of reptiles to lay eggs at low temperatures, continental flora (CLAMP-analysis), on the presence of coal layers in continental sediments within Arctic region, on membrane lipids of glycerol and dialkylglycerol tetraether in marine sediments and glendonite. Based on it, a paleotemperature curve was constructed for the Arctic region for the Cretaceous-Cenozoic span of geological history, which has common trends with the global paleotemperature curve [Scotise, 2015] (with the exception of cooling in the Tortonian age due to local factors). In the climatic history of the Arctic 16 climatic cycles have been established, comprising 16 climatic minima (including the glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere) and 15 climatic maxima.

The carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of secondary carbonates from acidic effusives fro investigated. Ϭ¹³С (VPDB) and Ϭ¹⁸О (VSMOW) values of siderite vary from –6,6 to –2,4‰ m the top of the Western Siberia pre-Jurassic complex (Tomsk Region) was and from 7,8 to 12,3‰, while Ϭ¹³С and Ϭ¹⁸О values of calcite vary from –8,9 to –8,4‰ and from 2,5 to 3,7‰ respectively. Light oxygen isotopic composition indicates formation of studied carbonates from heated hydrothermal solutions.

A series of core experiments made it possible to establish that for fractured samples with an increase in there stressed state (increase in effective pressure), there is a sharp decrease in reservoir properties. In the future, with a decrease (or complete removal) of the stress state, the filtration-capacitive properties of fractured reservoirs are not restored. The experiments have scientific and practical importance in terms of optimizing the technological mode of operation of producing wells in fractured turn-Famennian reservoirs.

Island-arc calc-alcaline dacites (66,7% of SiO₂, 3,4% of Na₂O, 1,9% of K₂O) compose a subvolcanic body among tuffs, andesites and trachyandesites in the east of the Kara-Dag volcanic massif of the Rocky Crimea. The unique features of dacites is abundance of plagioclase phenocrysts (the central zone is bytownite Ca_75–72Na_24–27K_0,5–1; the intermediate and external zones is labradorite Ca_67–52Na_32–47K₁) and low-Ti augite (augite Ca_43–41Mg_41–38Fe_16–21 with 1–2% of Al₂O₃ composes the core; the intermediate and external zones is augite Ca_43–41Mg_41–38Fe_16–21 with 1–2% Al₂O₃). Titanomagnetite, ilmenite and apatite form intergrowths with augite. Lowmagnesian titanomagnetite is enriched with manganese (up to 4,5 wt.% MnO) and zinc (up to 1,6% of ZnO); it contains from 39 to 28% of ulvospinel minal. Ilmenite, poor in Mn, contains from 10 to 25 mol.% of hematite minal that demonstrates the crystallization with the raised fO₂, in other words, the water saturation of fusion. Apatite is poor in Sr, Ce and S. The trend with standard accumulation of fluorine from chlorine-hydroxyl-fluorapatite up to fluorapatite is shown. Plagioclase microlites — labradorite Ca_52–50Na_46–48K_2–3 composes the cementing mass of rhyolitic composition (77,3% SiO₂, 3,3% Na₂O, 2,5% K₂O) with quartz, small amounts of andesine Ca_49–46Na_49–52K_2–3, oligoclase Ca₂₇Na₆₈K₅ and anorthoclase in interstitions. The speciality of the described dacites is plagioclase wealth in anorthite component, what is typical for island-arc volcanites. The crystallization temperature of augite is ~1050–950 ᵒC. The crystallization temperature of associated titanomagnetite and ilmenite of early origin is ~900 ᵒC, fO₂ exceed by 1 logarithmic unit the QFM buffer, their late origin crystallization temperature is ~880 ᵒC, fO₂ exceed by 2 logarithmic units the QFM buffer.

A system of equations of the liquidus thermobarometer of olivine — silicate melt was obtained by processing the sample of 772 experimental equilibria of olivines with basic melts using methods of multidimensional statistics. Equations reproduce with small error experimental data in a wide range of basite compositions (from komatiites to dacites), temperatures from 1040 to 1500 ᵒС, pressures from 1 bar up to 30 kbar. Thermobarometer testing demonstrated that the deviations of the calculated liquidus temperature from the experimental one in most of the temperature range do not exceed ±3 ᵒC.

The article provides information about the chemical composition of groundwater and the data of chemical analysis, the water extracts from rocks, and other information, that characterize water and rocks in the depth range of water-saturated riphean deposits. The article discusses the natural background conditions of distribution of hydrocarbon sorbing gases in atmohydrolithosphere and the conditions of oil and gas accumulations, under the influence of which sorbed hydrocarbon gases acquire specific geochemical features.

In the papers of G.E. Archie and V.N. Dakhnov were presented formulas of dependence between resistivity (or conductivity) of soil and that of porous water. Such dependence shows that we need to know water resistivity, that means its study at each fieldwork area. In some areas places for groundwater are absent or restricted (boreholes, wells, springs) as places of surface water (rivers, streams, ponds, lakes). Can we measure water resistivity in pools? Immediately after rain such water has no relation with soil resistivity. The purpose of our study consists in determination the rules of ionic exchange between soil and rain water in time. In the paper [Brunet et al., 2010] the authors demonstrated results of water resistivity measurements at contact with soil in time. We wanted to check results of that experiment.

When switching to 3D inversion of MT data, the requirement for computer technology is significantly increased. In this paper we will discuss a few examples of 3D inversion of electromagnetic geophysical field data with the usage of “Lomonosov” supercomputer and show its effectiveness on several geological objects. Each object is associated with a variety of problems: from search for shallow ore to regional hydrocarbon exploration. But all these objects contain a large volume of measurements obtaining qualitative results for which requires a huge amount of time. So that the use of 3D inversion with a high-performance computational complex makes it possible to obtain a qualitative result of solving a wide range of problems.