The paper presents the results of micropaleontological studies of a series of stones found during the study of the pier of the ancient Greek city of Phanagoria. The samples contain Upper Turonian–Coniacian, Campanian, and Maastrichtian foraminifers characteristic of the Central Tethys zones. This makes it possible to exclude the Crimea and the North Caucasus from the possible regions of origin of the samples. It has been established that Upper Cretaceous carbonate strata similar in genesis and chronology are located on the site of the southern coast of the Black Sea near the ancient cities of Heraclea and Sinop.

Seismic deformations in the ruins of the ancient city of Yangi Ahsi (Namangan region of Uzbekistan) have been studied: ruptures with displacement in the ground, collapses over considerable distances, tilts, shifts and rotations of parts of building structures formed as a result of at least two late medieval earthquakes. They are associated with the activation of the North Ferghana flexure-rupture zone. Based on the assessment of the period of recurrence of earthquakes in this area, it is concluded that conditions have now formed here for the occurrence of a seismic event with a magnitude ≥6.

Lower Campanian Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus) launayi (De Grossouvre) was found for the first time above the layer of soap (bentonite) clays widely known in the literature in an old quarry in the outskirts of the Kudrino village in the southwestern Crimea. This find expands the understanding of the distribution of this species and clarifies the biostratigraphic position of the soap clay layer.

In this article we present the first data on the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) for the rocks of the Early Carboniferous Nepluyevka polyphase pluton, which is situated in the southern part of the East Urals megazone. We consider the properties of magnetic mineralogy of all phases of the batholith, and show that the leading role in determining the magnetic properties of the rocks belongs to an isotropic grain population of MD magnetite and multiple populations of SD magnetite, which are the chief contributors to AMS. We consider the characteristic parameters of AMS for each phase, and show that the AMS is magmatic (non-deformational) in nature. An emplacement mechanism of “magmatic duplex” developing in a kinematic setting of sinistral transtension is proposed for the batholith, based on the analysis of the characteristic magnetic fabrics.

In the Katun Fault Zone, the structural-paragenetic analysis of stress indicators and the method of cataclastic analysis of discontinuous faults have been used to determine the features of the structure of this fault and the conditions of its formation at the Late Alpine stage. It is proved that the Katun Fault Zone is the strike-slip fault that develops at different sites in transpressive or transtensive conditions. The newest grabens along the zone were formed under strike-slip fault displacements and locally manifested conditions of horizontal extension or horizontal extension with shear.

The analysis of ore samples taken from wells drilled on the Eastern flank of the Oktyabrskoye deposit was carried out. In the vein-disseminated sulfide copper-nickel ores of the deposit, three types of mineralization are distinguished, which clearly differ from each other: interstitial-teardrop-like, interstitial, tear-shaped-interstitial. A sample of each type of ore was examined by 3D tomography and analyzed using fractal theory. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was made about the relationship between the fractal dimensions of ore minerals and the dynamics of the formation of various types of ores. The pattern of changes in the intensity of mineralization from the thickness of the layers is established. The results obtained may be of great importance in relation to the technology of enrichment of new types of ores from the flanks of the deposit, and also be an additional criterion for identifying in disseminated ores zones with the highest intensity of ore mineralization during prospecting and exploration in the Norilsk ore region.

A comparative analysis of sections of soil columns from the northern part of the Black Sea and the Northern and Middle Caspian Sea was performed. In the Black Sea, the New, Old Black Sea and New Evksin sediments were identified, the features of their lithological composition were revealed and the age of 14C was established. Shallow and deep-water Novocaspian, Mangyshlak, Verkhnekhvalynsky, Nizhnekhvalynsky, Athelsky and Hyrkan horizons are identified and correlated in the Caspian Sea. As a result, the identity of the structure of the continuous deep-water sections of the compared reservoirs and the synchronicity of the Novoevksin and Late Khvalyn layers are established, which suggests the absence of a connection between the Novoevksin and Early Khvalyn seas.

The results of the application of the variational ray tracing algorithm to study the possibilities and limitations of one of the methods for solving the inverse kinematic problem of seismic exploration — the method of homogeneous functions developed at the Department of Seismometry and Geoacoustics of Moscow State University are presented. As a result of the calculations carried out on synthetic models and field material, conclusions were drawn about the exploration possibilities and areas of application of the method of homogeneous functions. Model examples show that the method of homogeneous functions gives correct results only for simple media: vertically inhomogeneous or layered with slightly inclined boundaries, and folds or inclusions can be restored only at a qualitative level. When working with real field data, the method of homogeneous functions correctly restores the velocity structure of the section to a depth of 1/3-1/2 of the maximum depth of ray penetration. At the same time, it makes sense to interpret only large anomalies with contrasting velocity values on the obtained velocity sections.

Presents the results of a study in which a local dome-shaped piezometric surface of the Podolsko- Myachkovski aquifer complex was revealed in the western part of the Moscow region, the central part of which coincides with an elongated swampy depression. The results of morphostructural and geological-structural analyzes show that the depression may have a tectonic origin. Using the method of mathematical modeling, it is shown that the formation of a groundwater recharge dome is possible only due to the presence of a zone of increased permeability of the Callovian-Kimmeridgian waterproof complex, formed during the development of faults.

The paper summarizes the results of the state exams as well as of the defenses of bachelors’ and mas- ters’ theses in the field of “Geology”. In 2022, the state examination committees worked in person. They considered 155 master’s and 178 bachelor’s theses. In 2022, the Faculty of Geology prepared master specialists in “Digitalization in the field of fossil fuel geology” for the first time; 156 master’s students passed the state exam in the field of “Geology”; 177 bachelor’s students passed state exams in the respective fields; 89 master’s students and 47 bachelor’s students graduated with honors. State examination committees worked systematically, in a well-organized and active manner.