The method of registration of free neutrons applied in a complex with geoelectrochemical methods is for the first time tested in the Arkhangelsk diamondiferous province. The basis on its application is the concept developed now about formation of diamonds in the deep center, screened dense breeds. As a result density of energy of the excited environment increases that leads to course of nuclear dissociation of nuclear kernels, cluster radioactive decay and a low-energy transmutation of elements. At formation of a kimberlite tube in the course of cluster radioactive decay and a low-energy transmutation of nuclear kernels there is an electromagnetic radiation with energy of quantum about tens and hundreds kiloelectronvolt. By results of the carried-out skilled and methodical works on the reference blocked tubes Pioneer and Verkhnetovsky confirmation of this concept is received and the search technique leaning on this geological model is offered.

The Qilian Mountains, as the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, absorbed the crustal shortening and accommodated the left-lateral displacement of the Altun Tagh fault. Detailed geomorphologic study of river valleys on the northern margin of the Qilian Mountains showed that since the late Pleistocene the crustal uplift rate of the northern Qilian Mountains has been greater than the central part. Due to the extension of the Tibetan plateau between the Changma fault and the Yumen fault the latest belt of faults and folds was formed on the northern margin of the Qilian Mountains. The study of the height of river terraces over the past 60 thousand years shows that the rate of vertical displacement along the Changma fault is 0,31±0,06 mm/a and its horizontal crustal shortening rate is 0,11±0,02 mm/a. The rate of vertical displacement along the northernmost Yumen fault is 0,33±0,02 mm/a and its horizontal crustal shortening rate is 0,53±0,03 mm/a. Active faults in the western segment of the northern Qilian Mountains account for 12% of the total crustal shortening in the Qilian Mountains. In addition, the crustal shortening rate of faults in the northern Qilian Mountains is much greater than the crustal shortening rate of faults inside the Qilian Mountains, which further indicates that since the Late Pleistocene the crustal uplift rate of the northern Qilian Mountains has been greater than the central Qilian Mountains.

The first results of U-Pb dating of detrital zircons (dZr) from two samples characterizing the Taurica and Eski-Orda Groups of the Cimmerian structural complex of the Mountainous Crimea are presented. The strong similarity of the sets of ages of dZr from the Lower Taurica Formation of the Taurica Group and the Salgir strata of the Eski-Orda Group confirms the facial character of the primary relationships of these Groups. The studied Upper Triassic sandstones had a common feeding province and were formed, most likely, in different parts of the same sedimentary basin. It is most likely that this sedimentary basin was part of a continental margin of Baltica. The presence in samples of a significant number of dZr with very ancient ages >3.0 Ga (including 3 the oldest dZr grains with ages of ~3.9 Ga) makes the crystalline complexes represented in the present-day structure of the Ukrainian Shield as the very possible primary sources of these zircons. Crystalline complexes with such ancient ages are extremely rare over the world, but are widely represented in the Podolian and Cis-Azov blocks of the Ukrainian shield.

Deep-water cores selected at AMK 5536 and 5524 stations on the 68th cruise of the research vessel «Academik Mstislav Keldysh» from the north-eastern part of the Norwegian-Greenland basin were investigated by sedimentological and micropaleontological methods. Changes in benthic foraminifera communities in the Norwegian Sea, their changes in time, which make it possible to use paleooceanological reconstructions and associate them with marine isotope stages are considered.

The article presents the results of the determinations of foraminifera and nannoplankton from the section of Upper Cretaceous deposits Alan-Kyr (Central part of Crimea Mountains). Interpretation of these data to gether with the palinological ans paleomagnethic materials obtained earlier in this section allows to justify the age of deposits. In the lower part of the section planktonic foraminifera assemblages are correlated with the Satonian part of the Dicarinella asymetrica Zone. The benthic foraminiferal assemblages also show on the Santonian interval and allow it to be divided in more detail. On the nannoplankton data it was possible to identify fossils of the transition Zone CC17, corresponding to Upper Santonian–Lower Campanian. Within these deposits is the base of a probable magnetic chron analogue C 33r, which is proposed to be used as a primary feature to define the lower boundary of the Campanian.

In the article present results of U-Pb — dating of zircons and petrologic-geochemical study of garnet-biotite plagiogneises and quartz-plagioclase-amphibole granofels host rocks samples from Vishnevogorsky sequence of the oldest rocks of the southern Urals Eastern domain are presented. U-Pb-dating of zircons were obtained by ion microprobe (SHRIMP II). The maximum age of the substrate plagiogneises Vishnevogorsky sequence not younger than 2700 Ma, and granulitic metamorphism plagiogneises falls on the Proterozoic age range 1740–2220 Ma. The dates obtained for plagiogneises and granofels Vishnevogorsky sequence reflect all major (PR₁–P₁) age stages of the Urals development. Many of the dated events are manifested only in the zircons generation and are not reflected in the mineral paragenesises of the studied rocks.

The paper presents methods and results of experimental studies of the dynamic of the temperature regime, the thickness of active layer and rock heave deformation over a five-year field observations period, as well as the results of predictive modeling of these processes on the Moscow State University Zvenigorod Biological station. The results of comparison of field data with the calculated characteristics based on numerical modelling of heave process are presents.

Changes in the properties of a FiTreM track membrane filter with a pore diameter of 0.45 μm during water filtration and changes in filtration rates during continuous water filtration were studied. The decrease in filtration rates during the passage of distilled water through a track membrane filter is explained by the compaction of the filter and the change in membrane permeability due to the accumulation of a negative charge on the pore surface due to the dissociation of COOH groups.

To assess the fundamental possibility of the formation of deposits of high-quality bauxites by mechanogenic sedimentary methods, continental deposits in the extreme members of their facies series were studied: eluvial deposits on the surface of the bovaly, representing the region of mobilization of matter; alluvial deposits that underwent transfer and the most significant sorting in continental conditions. It is shown that these deposits do not produce high-quality bauxite deposits, even under uniquely favorable conditions, and the mechanogenic-sedimentary process does not provide the conditions for the spatial separation of aluminum with iron and silica, without which high-quality bauxite deposits cannot be formed.

In this article we discuss the results of ultrasonic measurements using p and s waves on a sample of full water–saturated sand in the temperature range –20 ᵒC — + 20 ᵒC. The results are: dependence of kinematic and dynamic parameters of the ultrasonic signal on temperature and elastic waves attenuation parameter. We propose method to calculate the attenuation parameter of p and s waves at ultrasonic frequencies for a wide temperature range. The values of the attenuation parameter at negative and positive temperatures differ by 40–50 times for p waves and by 2 orders of magnitude for s waves. A smooth change in the attenuation parameter from –5 ᵒC (–10 C) to 0 ᵒC for p (s) waves was observed. The attenuation affecting the dynamic parameters reacts faster to the thawing of frozen ground than the waves velocity, which is most relevant in the case of plastic–frozen rocks and at temperatures close to 0.

Also, as electric spark and electrodynamic sources, used mainly in works of the upper part of the section, non-explosive sources, which have become widespread, include pneumatic sources. This type of sources meets all the requirements for geophysical equipment. The main problem of such kind of sources is the presence of intense pulsations, long duration of the emitted signals, as well as not very reliability of some clusters.
Especially topical is the problem of pulsations during the shallow water acquisitions. The shallow water depth does not allow to extract the signature acceptable for the construction of the effective operator from the data due to the interference of pulsations from the direct wave with the bottom, and the suppression operator which extracted from the theoretical signature, often gives an unacceptable result.
To solve the bubble oscillation problems in shallow-water acquisition, it is proposed to use combined information of bubble oscillation extracted from a direct wave, extracted from bottom reflection, waveform predicting deconvolution and adaptive subtraction algorithms.