Engineering geological structures are divided by a combination of regional and zonal geological factors. Classifications of engineering geological structures of the Earth and Russia are submitted. Main engineering geological features and regularities of spatial distribution of continental subaerial, continental subaquatic, transitional predominant isubaquatic, and oceanic predominant isubaquatic engineering geological mega- and macrostructures of the Russia have been described.

Based on a study of modern-day published evidences and own data the lithology, conditions of sedimentations, tectonic evolution and mineralization of molassoid complexes of SW Ghana which filled Tarkwa and Bui basins within the Birrimian paleoproterozoic orogenic belt are considered. The conclusion is made on the formation of these sediments in pull-apart basins similar to archean Timiscaming group of the Superior province and younger analogous complexes . The Tarkwa group is considered as the paleoproterozoic equivalent of molasse-like complexes forming at the last stage of accretion orogens evolution of various age.

Results of the complex research of the carbonate rhythmically bedded section of the cement factory quarry of the Sengeley town of the Ulyanovsk province are presented. Description of cyclically bedded silicious member of Lower Paleocene is presented. For rhythmic and cryptorhythmic Upper Cretaceous and also cyclic Lower Paleocene deposits conditions of it origin by use of a complex of methods including lithological, petrographic, petromagnetic, geochemical, chemical and paleoecological ones, are reconstructed for the first time. Dilution and eustatic cycles, caused by eccentricity cycles of the Earth`s orbit became an agent forming rhythmicity. The last are determined in the cryptorhythmic lanceolata member of the Lower Maastrichtian.

Surface water is contaminated by trace elements in mining areas. A complex study was carried out on the state of water and bottom sediments of two rivers in the area of the tailings of Urupsky’s mining plant. The impact of tailings on the content of elements in the water, suspensions and bottom sediments was estimated. The main pollutants of the surface water and bottom sediments and also their element’s forms were revealed.

As a result of careful interpretation of the data of recent seismo-acoustic surveys, two major seismic complexes were identified in the structure of upper sedimentary section of the north-western slope of Kukuy Griva (ridge). They are composed of several very characteristic inner seismo-facies and separated by well-expressed regional reflector. Seismic and acoustic data revealed evidences of numerous landslide processes which were different in age and peculiarities of manifestation. For the first time, detailed schemes of seismo-facies distribution are compiled for both major seismic complexes. The boundary between seismic complexes is dated as 150 thousands years. It is shown that sliding was more intensive during Late Pleistocene and Holocene, reflecting activation of tectonic movements in this part of Baikal rift system.

Possible reservoir type of Bazhenov formation relative to the intervals with increased content of phosphate is described in the resent work. It is shown that phosphate formations have highly connected pore space, porosity may achieve values up to 14%. These rocks also have explicit geochemical characteristics of oil reservoir rocks in comparison with other rock samples in the well. For example, the productivity index and oil saturation index for phosphates is twice higher. The composition of such species may slightly vary, fluorine may present in phosphate minerals, meanwhile rocks are always maintain high content of organic matter (more than 8 wt%).

The article presents experimental and theoretical study of the influence of the microstructure of the pore space on the hydrophobization oil and gas reservoirs. A possible mechanism of formation of microstructural wettability are described. The adsorption of the hydrocarbons can be both in small and large size pores. It was experimentally proved that hydrocarbon's adsorbtion depends on the form, size and distribution of pores, type of the mineral surface, how long oil was in contact with the mineral surface.

Riphean rocks of Baikit anteclise are examined using pyrolysis RockEval 6 to evaluate subsidence history and level of erosion. Investigated Riphean rocks show МК₃-МК₄ catagenesis rate. Based on catagenesis of organic matter we propose a model of maximum burial before the beginning of Vendian stratum sedimentation. Supplied calculations of subsidence and erosion shown that estimated catagenesis rate could be reached at 7 km depth; erosion level was about 5 to 7 km.

Ordos Basin is concentrated rich areas of coal, natural gas and oil. In last years it is becoming an important mineral resource and energy base of China. To the most well-known and good studied gas fields belong Sulige and Tabamiao, where natural gas takes place in carbonate rocks of Early Ordovician time. As the result of an investigation that made by author, there is a definition of five types of reservoirs which lay in the core of weathering of Ordovician carbonate deposits.

The results of investigation of morphological, retrospective and prognoses engineering-geological tasks concerning loess soils massifs are formulated. It is shown that maximum values of relative subsidence reach 0,17-0,21, thickness of subsiding soil massif under natural load is about 55 m, maximum amount of loess soils cycles composed of subsiding soils reaches 10, more often the amount of buried soils of loess soils massif cross section doesn’t exceed 4-5 ones. The main result of solution of retrospective engineering-geological tasks is the proposal of hypothesizes and mechanisms of loess soils subsidence formation. They are the base for four special and general theory of subsidence formation. The result of solution of prognoses engineering-geological tasks is the elaboration of methods for calculation the expected subsidence of loess soils massifs under different mode of their wetting and the development of different methods (hydrogeomechanical, geochemical, geotechnical and complex) of improvement of loess soils massifs properties.

From the permafrost of Mammoth Mountain in the Republic of Saha (Yakutia) samples were obtained for subsequent microbiological analysis. We were isolated Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus genus. Conducted DNA isolation and sequencing of the isolated bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis of the microorganisms from the permafrost.

Scattered and concretionary pyrite in silicious-clay-carbonate and carbonate rocks of Abalak formation within Salym oil field has been studied. Methods of investigations included: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA), high spatial resolution Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Nano-SIMS). As a result three morphological groups of pyrite precipitates have been distinguished: large cubic crystals, framboids and fine-crystalline pyrite infilling organic remains. According to stable sulphur isotopes distribution two genetic types of pyrite have been subdivided. Sulphur source for the first genetic group was biogenic H₂S; for the second - thermochemical H₂S.