Utilization and processing of coal ash and slag waste in the context of achieving sustainable development goals: experience of Russia and China

The article considers coal ash and slag waste generated from coal combustion at thermal power plants as a promising technogenic resource. A comparative analysis of approaches to the utilization and processing of ash and slag waste (ASW) in China and Russia is presented. The high level of ASW integration into production chains in China is highlighted, due to well-developed regulatory frameworks, technological innovations, and integration with consuming industries. In Russian practice, despite existing initiatives and strategic documents, the ASW processing rates remain low. Key barriers are identified, including the territorial imbalance between waste generation sources and demand regions, insufficient economic incentives, and logistical difficulties. The need to adapt Chinese experience taking into account Russian specificities is noted.

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