geolmsuВЕСТНИК МОСКОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. СЕРИЯ 4. ГЕОЛОГИЯMoscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology0579-9406Издательский Дом МГУ10.55959/MSU0579-9406-4-2026-65-4-11-23geolmsu-952Research ArticleСтатьиСтроение спрединговых хребтов в районе Исландии в условиях асимметричного влияния плюма (физическое моделирование)The structure of spreading ridges in the vicinity of Iceland under plume asymmetric influence (physical modelling)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8200-9786БоголюбскийВ. А.BogolyubskiyV. A.

Вячеслав Андреевич Боголюбский

Москва

Vyacheslav A. Bogolyubskiy

Moscow

bogolubskiyv@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2128-3890ДубининЕ. П.DubininE. P.

Евгений Павлович Дубинин

Москва

Evgeniy P. Dubinin

Moscow

edubinin08@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2946-1674ГрохольскийА. Л.GrokholskiyA. L.

Андрей Львович Грохольский

Москва

Andrey L. Grokholskiy

Moscow

andregro2@yandex.ruМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationМузей Землеведения, Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияThe Earth Science Museum, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation2026020920266541123Copyright © Боголюбский В.А., Дубинин Е.П., Грохольский А.Л., 20262026Боголюбский В.А., Дубинин Е.П., Грохольский А.Л.Bogolyubskiy V.A., Dubinin E.P., Grokholskiy A.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.geol.msu.ru/jour/article/view/952

Исландия и прилегающие спрединговые хребты находятся под значительным плюмовым влиянием, что проявляется в изменении рельефа, а также в структуре хребтов и сдвиговых зон. Воздействие плюма уменьшается при удалении от его центра, однако, наблюдается асимметрия, которая отмечается в рельефе, гравитационном поле, а также в различных структурных комплексах спрединговых хребтов и рифтовых зон к северу и к югу от центра плюма. На основе физического моделирования предлагается модель, демонстрирующая влияние асимметрии плюма на формирование спрединговых и сдвиговых структур. Результаты моделирования показывают значительно большую асимметрию плюмового воздействия на спрединговые хребты и трансформные зоны рядом с Исландией, чем на рифтовые зоны в ее пределах. Это связано с увеличением расстояния от центра термической аномалии и, соответственно, большим контрастом в тепловом поле модели. Схожие результаты наблюдаются и в природных условиях. Рельеф и гравитационное поле изменяются быстрее при удалении от центра плюма в случае хребта Колбенсей в сравнении с хребтом Рейкьянес. Предполагается, что наблюдаемая плюмовая асимметрия во многом обусловлена конфигурацией плюмового вещества в верхней мантии и его динамикой, тогда как кинематика хребтов играет вторичную роль. Крупные сдвиговые зоны не оказывают существенного воздействия на плюмовую асимметрию, напротив, их различное строение может быть обусловлено асимметрией плюма.

Iceland and the adjacent spreading ridges are significantly influenced by Icelandic plume, which is evident in changes to the topography and the structure of the ridges and strike-slip zones. While the influence of the plume diminishes with distance from its center, asymmetry is evident in the topography, gravity and various structural complexes of the spreading ridges and rift zones to the north and south of the plume center. Based on physical modelling, we propose a model that demonstrates how plume asymmetry influences the formation of spreading and strike-slip structures. The model results show significantly greater asymmetry in the plume influence on spreading ridges and transform zones near Iceland than on rift zones within it. This is due to the thermal field in the model differing more significantly with distance from the center of the thermal anomaly. Similar results are observed in natural conditions. In the case of the Kolbeinsey ridge, the topography and gravity field change more rapidly with distance from the plume center than in the case of the Reykjanes ridge. We hypothesized that the observed asymmetry of the plume is primarily caused by the configuration and dynamics of the plume material in the upper mantle, while the ridge kinematics plays a secondary role. Large strike-slip zones do not significantly impact plume asymmetry. Conversely, their different structures may be a result of the plume asymmetry.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.