Using the method of cluster analysis of morphometric parameters of the relief, the areas within which most of the epicenters of modern earthquakes of the Voronezh anteclise are located are identified. With the help of computer modeling, the areas of possible formation of new small-length discontinuities in the modern stress field are outlined. On the basis of complex geological and geomorphological data we created a tectonophysical model that explains the nature of seismicity by the development of geodynamically active zones in a shear environment with the orientation of the axis of maximum compression in the north-west direction.